Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: The customized Sony (model #: MBURD-RGBW-5G, S/N002) laser diode video scope illumination unit with three different wavelengths (405, 450, and 520 nm @ 40 W output) was applied as the illumination source to excite the tissue sample, which was secured in the black enclosure to avoid the ambient light reflection. Longpass filters of 425, 475, and 550 nm (Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass filter 84748, 84749, and 94757, respectively) were used to block the excitation wavelength and any other reflected light. The spectroradiometer (Photon research 670) was applied to measure the fluorescent spectra.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Blocking Assay

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: The tissue sample was secured in the black enclosure to avoid any ambient light reflection. An endoscope equipped with an external light source (Sony laser diode video scope illumination unit) was applied to excite and collect the fluorescence signal from the tissue sample. The U-319C RGB camera was used as the image sensor to capture the fluorescence image. For middle ear access, we used a Karl-Storz Tele-Otoscope (model 1218 AA, color code: green) with HOPKINS straight forward telescope 0 deg, diameter 3 mm, length 6 mm, with a magnification of 4 × for a field of view of about 1 cm by 1 cm. An optical coupler was used to connect the endoscope and camera to avoid light leakage. The 495 nm longpass filter was embedded into the optical coupler and placed in front of the camera to block the excitation wavelength and any other reflected light. (a) Diagram of the setup and (b) actual imaging device.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Blocking Assay, Imaging

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cholesteatoma tissue fluorescence measurements. Different tissue samples were illuminated with narrowband light [see Fig. 1(a) ]. Fluorescence measurements (reported in units of radiance) were made using a spectroradiometer equipped with longpass filters [see Fig. 1(b) ] to block reflected light. (a) Spectroradiometric measurements obtained when cholesteatoma tissue samples were illuminated with the 405 nm light and reflected light was blocked with the 425 nm longpass filter. (b) Measurements obtained with the 450 nm light and the 475 nm longpass filter. (c) Measurements obtained with the 520 nm light and the 550 nm longpass filter.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Blocking Assay

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of tissue fluorescence, sensor noise, and estimated tissue reflectance. The spectroradiometric measurements were obtained when cholesteatoma tissue samples (plotted in black), mucosa tissue samples (plotted in green), and black fabric (plotted in red) were illuminated (separately) with the 405 nm light and reflected light was blocked with the 425 nm longpass filter. The blue lines plot the maximum possible reflected light estimated by multiplying the product of the spectral power of the 405 nm light and the spectral transmittance of the 425 nm longpass filter with measured cholesteatoma tissue reflectance.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Comparison, Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Keratin and FAD fluorescence measurements. (a) The spectroradiometric measurements of keratin powder illuminated with the 405 nm light and filtered with the 425 nm longpass filter is plotted as a solid line and measurements of the same keratin powder illuminated with the 450 light and filtered with the 475 nm longpass filter is plotted as a dashed line. (b) The spectroradiometric measurements of FAD powder illuminated with the 405 nm light and filtered with the 425 nm longpass filter is plotted as a solid line and measurements of the same FAD powder illuminated with the 450 light and filtered with the 475 nm longpass filter is plotted as a dashed line.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reflectance and fluorescence images of cholesteatoma and mucosa tissue samples. To visualize tissue reflectance, the (a) cholesteatoma and (b) mucosa tissue samples were illuminated with white light and captured with no filter. Tissue fluorescence images were measured when the same (c) cholesteatoma and (d) mucosa tissue samples were illuminated with the 405 nm light and captured with a 495 nm longpass filter on the U-310c digital camera, using a 500 ms exposure duration. Tissue fluorescence images were also measured when the same (e) cholesteatoma and (f) mucosa tissue samples were illuminated with the 450 nm light and captured with a 495 nm longpass filter on the camera and a 500 ms exposure duration.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: U-319C camera images of two additional samples of (a and b) cholesteatoma tissue illuminated with white light. Cameras images of cholesteatoma tissue (c and d) illuminated with 405 nm light and captured with a 495 nm longpass filter and (e and f) illuminated with 450 nm light and captured with a 495 nm longpass filter.

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Optics

Article Title: Imaging guidance for cholesteatoma surgery using tissue autofluorescence

doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.6.066003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparing the signal (dashed lines) with the sensor (solid red, green, and blue lines). (a) The spectral radiance measured when a cholesteatoma tissue sample was illuminated with 405 nm light is plotted as a dashed line and the QE of the three color channels in the digital camera are plotted as solid lines. To facilitate comparisons, the camera QE (a product of the sensor spectral sensitivities and the 495 nm longpass filter spectral transmittance) has been scaled to match the maximum spectral radiance measurements. (b) The spectral radiance measured when the same cholesteatoma tissue sample was illuminated with 450 nm light (dashed line) is compared to the scaled camera QE (solid lines).

Article Snippet: We used long pass filters: Edmund Scientific High Performance OD4 Longpass Filters, stock Numbers 84748 (425 and 50 mm), 84749 (475 and 50 mm), and 94757 (550 and 50 mm), to attenuate the laser illumination.

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Photonics

Article Title: In Vivo Assessment of Benzoporphyrin Uptake and Singlet Oxygen Generation in Mice for Photodynamic Therapy Monitoring

doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c02685

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Schematic and optical setup of the portable TSOLD instrument for in vivo 1 O 2 detection. An optical beam from an in-house fiber-coupled nanosecond pulse diode laser illuminates the tumor target through a bifurcated fiber bundle, parabolic mirrors, and short-pass filters. The collected 1270 nm luminescence emission is coupled into an InGaAs-SPAD through long- and band-pass filters, and a bifurcated fiber (central core for illumination delivery; 6 × outer cores for infrared luminescence collection and detection). The TCSPC then generates time histograms of the 1 O 2 luminescence signal. (b) Photograph of the portable TSOLD instrument.

Article Snippet: The beam from the pigtailed laser first passed through a 25 mm short-pass filter (FESH0950, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA; optical density (OD) = 5.0 for wavelengths >950 nm) and a band-pass filter (FGS550, Thorlabs; transmission range: 304–785 nm, OD = 4.0) to suppress unwanted infrared and out-of-band light, and coupled into a bifurcated fiber bundle using a multimode in-line fiber filter mount (FOFMA/M, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA).

Techniques: In Vivo

Journal: ACS Photonics

Article Title: In Vivo Assessment of Benzoporphyrin Uptake and Singlet Oxygen Generation in Mice for Photodynamic Therapy Monitoring

doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c02685

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of TSOLD for in vivo singlet oxygen detection. (a) In liquid phantom without BPD, with BPD, and with BPD following addition of NaN 3 , (b) without BPD and with intravenously injected 2 mg/kg BPD in tumor-bearing C3H mice (3 h after BPD injection), confirming photosensitizer-dependent 1 O 2 emission. (c) Histograms for 2 mg/kg BPD in mice using discrete band-pass filters.

Article Snippet: The beam from the pigtailed laser first passed through a 25 mm short-pass filter (FESH0950, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA; optical density (OD) = 5.0 for wavelengths >950 nm) and a band-pass filter (FGS550, Thorlabs; transmission range: 304–785 nm, OD = 4.0) to suppress unwanted infrared and out-of-band light, and coupled into a bifurcated fiber bundle using a multimode in-line fiber filter mount (FOFMA/M, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA).

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, In Vivo, Injection